Abstract
Understanding anxiety and depression have been the major focus of psychology over the last hundreds of years. People experience these negative psychological states as a part of their response to their threatening life events. Anxiety is a normal adaptive response to threatening situations which sometimes help to cope with threatening challenging. Humans are hard wired to response in these ways as they are adaptive subsequent to traumatic events. Anxiety is one of the most common mental health concerns in our society. They are often experienced as a complex set of emotional and functional challenges. In the daily life of people, they are exposed to stressful situations; sometimes these stressors may lead to an illnesses and mental disorders like clinically significant anxiety and other negative psychological states. The current paper will briefly describe the nature, symptoms, models and behavioral and cognitive strategies to manage anxiety. The paper will help health professionals to know these basic interventions in anxiety management and thereby improve their well-being.
Highlights
Understanding anxiety and depression have been the major focus of psychology over the last hundreds of years
Freud wrote extensively on anxiety. He asserted that anxiety is the base on which all psychopathology develops
Anxiety is “a reaction to an unknown danger and it is undecided intense apprehension that is usually reflected in a characteristic combination of visceral-motor disturbances and skeletal tensions” (Rubin & Krochak, 1988)
Summary
The patient is presented with the rationale for exposure treatment This often includes a learning-based rationale; that is, that past avoidance has been negatively reinforced with the reduction of anxiety thereby increasing the likelihood of future avoidance and escape during the peak of their fear. It is important that the instruction phase include basic information on the understanding of fear and anxiety as many anxious patients at least implicitly expect the anxiety to increase interminably and to spiral out of control with prolonged exposure. For this reason, the patients and the significant others need to understand the nature of anxiety and that it will peak and decrease with prolonged exposure
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