Abstract
Abstract
 The implementation of water piping systems shows significant technological advances in the specialty of hydraulics. The pipes have great advantages, namely, in the reduction of fluid losses, as well as in the mitigation of problems resulting from water interruption and its preservation in relation to external harmful agents. In this numerical study will be tested pipes of various materials such as cast iron, stainless steel, galvanized steel, pex and fiberglass. The fluid that will circulate inside is water at different temperatures. Subsequently, several parameters will be evaluated, such as the friction factor, the head losses, the linear thermal expansion and the stress in the piping. Knowledge of these factors is paramount for the correct sizing of hydraulic networks, as well as for the correct choice of pumping systems.
Highlights
Water is an essential good for the perpetuation of human life on earth
The Reynolds number is found to be independent of the piping material as it depends only on kinematic viscosity, inner tube diameter and fluid velocity
The friction factor follows the inverse trend of the Reynolds number, i.e. it decreases whenever the temperature increases
Summary
Water is an essential good for the perpetuation of human life on earth. there are still many regions of the globe where people are deprived of the consumption of this liquid, with the minimum conditions of potability. The material selected must be suitable for the fluid that will circulate inside it, the temperature variations and the pressure and safety conditions. The fluid that circulated inside them was water, at different temperatures, which ranged from 5 oC to 50 oC. MATERIALS There are several types of pipes on the market to be used for water transport, having the capacity to withstand the most varied temperatures and pressures. Stainless steel Stainless steel is a steel made up of at least 12% chromium This type of steel has good tensile strength and enables reduction of pipe thickness under the same pressure conditions (Llewellyn & Hudd, 2000). Behavior of Water-Flowed Pipes at different temperatures | 55 1.5. In this article we will take the following values as a reference: Reynolds Number: Up to 2,000 → Laminar flow From 2,000 to 3,000 → Transient flow Greater than 3,000 → Turbulent flow
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