Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present an evaluation of different types of cement and the incidence of Delayed Ettringite Formation (DEF) through mortar composites cast in the laboratory and exposed to a high curing temperature over a 12-month study period. DEF represents one of the types of Internal Sulfate Attacks (ISA) related to an expansive chemical reaction that occurs inside of concrete involving the sulfates from cement. Experiments involved the assessment of expansions, compressive and tensile strengths as well as microstructural characteristics over time. It was observed that tests performed on mortars and with a specific mix required an extended evaluation period to distinguish the behaviors. Furthermore, high early-strength cement featured the worst binder when faced with DEF.
Highlights
Primary ettringite is produced from the reaction of aluminates and sulfate ions from clinker (C3A; C4AF; SO3) during the hydration process
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different types of cement on Delayed Ettringite Formation (DEF) occurrence using laboratory tests and analyses performed in cement composites
The flyash cements produced reduced expansions, a higher dispersion for expansions was observed over time
Summary
Primary ettringite is produced from the reaction of aluminates and sulfate ions from clinker (C3A; C4AF; SO3) during the hydration process. Some researchers tested a range of 15% as suitable for prevention (Amine et al, 2017), whereas others indicate that 30% of fly-ash is required (Leklou et al, 2017) These differences are usually related to the type and composition of the mineral admixtures (Ramlochan et al, 2003). The manufacture of cement involves incorporating different mineral admixtures and contents, depending on the local availability of supplies This is a global practice; aside from reducing energetic consumption in the clinker production, there exists an optimal usage of residues to offset one’s carbon footprint. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different types of cement on DEF occurrence using laboratory tests and analyses performed in cement composites
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