Abstract
Viral diseases caused by begomoviruses are economically important for their depressing impact on common bean production in Cuba. Mayabeque is a Cuban province where this crop is significantly grown and affectations by Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) have been detected in the last 30 years. Integrated pest management (IPM) programs in this crop have allowed controlling the disease for a long time. However, in prospections of the last years, an increase of the incidence of various yellowing symptoms typical of begomoviruses has been observed in common bean production areas. DNA was extracted from leaf samples taken from symptomatic plants. Non-radioactive nucleic acid hybridization and a specific PCR assay were used to detect BGYMV, Common bean severe mosaic virus, Common bean mottle virus, and Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virus. Of the 218 bean plants sampled, 89.5 % was positive to BGYMV; the presence of the rest of the begomovirus species was between 3 and 4% (3.08% of CBMoV, 3.08% of TbLCCuV and 4.32% of CBSMV). The viral DNA from some samples was analyzed by rolling circle amplification (RCA), by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using restriction enzymes, and by cloning and sequencing of the viral components. The DNA sequences from BGYMV isolates showed 98% of identity with the isolates reported in Cuba in 2003. The infection by Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virus (TbLCCuV) was confirmed also in fields in the Cuban western region. This is the first work where the DNA-B of TbLCCuV is identified. These studies will help to strengthen phytosanitary surveillance and management programs implemented in the country to control the whitefly-begomovirus complex in this economically important crop.
Highlights
The genus Begomovirus is the most important and largest in number of species of all genera of the family Geminiviridae (Brown et al, 2015)
Of the 218 bean plants sampled, 89.5 % was positive to Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV); the presence of the rest of the begomovirus species was between 3 and 4% (3.08% of Common bean mottle virus (CBMoV), 3.08% of Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virus (TbLCCuV) and 4.32% of Common bean severe mosaic virus (CBSMV))
Detection of specific begomoviruses previously identified in Cuban fields Molecular diagnostic tools such as nucleic acid hybridization and PCR were used to determine the presence of specific begomoviruses detected in common beans in our country
Summary
The genus Begomovirus is the most important and largest in number of species of all genera of the family Geminiviridae (Brown et al, 2015). The family Geminiviridae includes nine genera established on the basis of the phylogeny, organization of the genome, vector and host range (Varsani et al, 2014, 2017; Zerbini et al, 2017). Begomoviruses have a circular single-stranded DNA genome encapsidated in twinned icosahedral particles and are transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Navas-Castillo et al, 2011). Their genomes can be either monopartite or bipartite. DNA-B has two ORFs, the virionsense BV1 and complementary-sense BC1. The two components of bipartite genomes share a common region (CR) of approximately 200 nucleotides that includes the origin of replication (Fondong, 2013). Begomoviruses have caused significant yield losses in many crops due to their high rates of
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