Abstract
Green manuring with spontaneous species from Caatinga biome has become an important strategy in production vegetables. One of the great challenges in tuberous vegetables production is to define an optimized quantity that provides a high productive yield with economic efficiency of production system. The objective of this study was to optimize agronomically and economically the production and its components of tuberous crops of beetroot and radish when manured with different amounts of green manures biomass, Merremia aegyptia and Calotropis procera from Caatinga biome, in two cropping seasons. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with five treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of green manures amounts (16, 26, 36, 46, 56 t ha-1). The maximum agronomic efficiency of beetroot and radish was obtained with incorporation of 49.87 and 39.43 t ha-1 of M. aegyptia and C. procera, respectively, and the production maximum economic efficiency was reached when 36.14 and 36.48 t ha-1, respectively, of biomass of these green manures were added to the soil. The returns rate obtained in beetroot and radish cultivation using the manures optimized amounts were 1.42 and 1.32 reais obtained for each real invested in the production of these tuberous.
Highlights
In Brazil, the area planted with beet is 18,000 hectares (Santos et al, 2020), and with radish is not very expressive, planted mainly in the green belts of the large cities, with production in 2017 of 14,937 and 118 t, respectively for beet and radish (IBGE, 2021)
Beetroot and radish cultivation using the manures optimized amounts were 1.42 and 1.32 reais obtained for each real invested in the production of these tuberous
Significant interactions were detected between amounts of the Merremia aegyptia and Calotropis procera biomass and cropping seasons for the most of agronomic characteristics and all economic indicators evaluated in beetroot, except for the total and commercial productivity of roots, and the productivity of scrap roots (Table 4)
Summary
In Brazil, the area planted with beet is 18,000 hectares (Santos et al, 2020), and with radish is not very expressive, planted mainly in the green belts of the large cities, with production in 2017 of 14,937 and 118 t, respectively for beet and radish (IBGE, 2021). Chemical fertilization and with animal manure are techniques commonly used in the vegetables production (Souza, 2018). As these inputs are expensive, producers have opted for the use of green manures. There is a lack of technical information on the use of these manures in vegetable production systems, especially in the Brazilian semi-arid region
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