Beet necrotic yellow vein virus accumulates inside resting spores and zoosporangia of its vector Polymyxa betae BNYVV infects P. betae

Jeanmarie Lubicz,Charles M Rush,Terry Colberg,Mark Payton

doi:10.1186/1743-422x-4-37

Jeanmarie Lubicz, Charles M Rush + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422x-4-37

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Journal: Virology Journal	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2007
Citations: 54	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Oklahoma State University

Abstract

BackgroundPlasmodiophorids and chytrids are zoosporic parasites of algae and land plant and are distributed worldwide. There are 35 species belonging to the order Plasmodiophorales and three species, Polymyxa betae, P. graminis, and Spongospora subterranea, are plant viral vectors. Plasmodiophorid transmitted viruses are positive strand RNA viruses belonging to five genera. Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and its vector, P. betae, are the causal agents for rhizomania.ResultsEvidence of BNYVV replication and movement proteins associating with P. betae resting spores was initially obtained using immunofluorescence labeling and well characterized antisera to each of the BNYVV proteins. Root cross sections were further examined using immunogold labeling and electron microscopy. BNYVV proteins translated from each of the four genomic and subgenomic RNAs accumulate inside P. betae resting spores and zoospores. Statistical analysis was used to determine if immunolabelling detected viral proteins in specific subcellular domains and at a level greater than in control samples.ConclusionVirus-like particles were detected in zoosporangia. Association of BNYVV replication and movement proteins with sporangial and sporogenic stages of P. betae suggest that BNYVV resides inside its vector during more than one life cycle stage. These data suggest that P. betae might be a host as well as a vector for BNYVV

Highlights

Plasmodiophorids and chytrids are zoosporic parasites of algae and land plant and are distributed worldwide
This study explores the relationship of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) with its plasmodiophorid vector, P. betae [3]
Immunodetection of BNYVV proteins in P. betae sporosori Samples were initially screened using immunofluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy to detect BNYVV proteins associated with P. betae sporosori (Figure 2, Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Plasmodiophorids and chytrids are zoosporic parasites of algae and land plant and are distributed worldwide. There is a group of soilborne plant viruses transmitted by vectors belonging to the Orders Plasmodiophorales (Polymyxa spp and Spongospora spp) and Chytridales (Olpidium spp). These viruses are positive strand RNA viruses belonging to nine genera. Plant viruses belonging to the genera Bymo-, Beny-, Furo-, Peclu-, and Pomovirus are vectored by plasmodiophorids. These viruses are internalized by their vector and can remain in the soil for many seasons [1,2,3]. For Polymyxa spp, infection begins with penetration of the plant cell wall by swimming zoospores (Figure 1B). Zoospores transfer their cytoplasm into the plant cell (page number not for citation purposes)

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