Abstract
Chemical fertilizers have been increasingly used in agriculture. The application of these nutrients via irrigation water has been evaluated in order to obtain productive results in agricultural yield. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) doses, applied by fertigation and associated with different types of basal fertilization, on the growth and production of beet. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), in a protected environment belonging to the Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering (UAEA). The adopted statistical design was completely randomized blocks, with three replicates, and the factors were arranged in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to five N doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3 of soil), and three types basal fertilization (soil without fertilizer, earthworm humus, earthworm humus + NPK). At 45 days after transplanting, the number of leaves per plant, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, green intensity, bulb diameter, stem length, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight and total soluble solids (°Brix) were quantified. Both Soil basal fertilization significantly influenced beet growth and production, and the treatment with earthworm humus and earthworm humus + NPK led to the best results for the analyzed variables. The highest N dose promoted the best performance for stem diameter and content of total soluble solids (°Brix).
Highlights
Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is plant of the Amaranthaceae family, originated in Europe
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of N doses, applied via fertigation and associated with different types of basal fertilization, on the growth and production of the beet crop
There was no significant effect of the interaction between the types of fertilization (A) and N fertigation (F) on the beet crop at 45 days after transplanting (DAT) (Table 3)
Summary
Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is plant of the Amaranthaceae family, originated in Europe It has high nutritional value and stands out among the vegetables for its nutritional composition, rich in sugars, B-complex vitamins and nutrients such as potassium, sodium, iron, copper and zinc, and its roots, tubers and leaves can be consumed (Trani et al, 2013). Fertigation consists in the split application of water-soluble fertilizers through the irrigation system along the cycle in crop water management This technique translates the efficient use of fertilizers in the irrigated agriculture, because it increases the effectiveness of the use of fertilizers and supplies nutrients in the soil volume explored by the root system of the crops, adjusting to their needs in the different phenological stages (Coelho et al, 2014). It is a constituent of amino acids and necessary for the synthesis of chlorophyll, exerting influence on the photosynthetic process (Marenco & Lopes, 2009)
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