Beef productivity of steers of different types of productivity

Abstract

The data on the beef productivity of steers of different types productivity have been provided in the article. The slaughter characteristics and beef indicators of steers of Black-and-White, Simmental and Aberdeen-Angus breeds have been studied after the slaughter of animals. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2016–2020 in the farm of OOO Favorit in the Tula region. When the steers have reached the age of 6 months, groups were formed per 9 heads in each, taking into account the breed affiliation of the steers. From the age of 6 to 15 months, the steers were reared under the same conditions of feeding and housing on a feedlot with the use of feed of their own production. When the steers have reached the age of 15 months, the control slaughter of animals was carried out. The following indicators were determined: the pre-slaughter weight, the weight of the hot carcass and internal fat. Carcasses of steers were evaluated according to the degree of deposition of subcutaneous fat. The left half-carcass of experimental animals after 24-hour cooling in the refrigerator was subjected to deboning and veining to determine the absolute and relative weight of the meat, bones and tendons in it. The research results showed that the highest slaughter yield was obtained from the steers of Aberdeen-Angus breed 65,4 %, which was higher by 8,7 and 5,7 abs.%, respectively, compared with herdmates of Black-and-White and Simmental breeds (P < 0,01). It has been found that the highest yield of the meat part was obtained in the carcasses of Aberdeen-Angus breed 83,2 %, which was higher in comparison with the carcasses of steers of Black-and-White and Simmental breeds, respectively, by 3,1 and 1,6 abs.%.. The highest yield of bone and cartilage was obtained in the carcasses of steers Black-and-White breed 18,4 %, which was higher compared to the carcasses of steers of Aberdeen-Angus and Simmental breeds, respectively, by 2,9 abs.% (P < 0,01) and 1,4 abs.%. Consequently, the best beef productivity steers of Aberdeen-Angus breed have been characterized. It has been established that the type of productivity of steers has a significant impact on their beef productivity.