Abstract
Bee venom (BV) is a complex natural toxin that contains various pharmaceutical compounds. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA), involving a BV injection into a certain acupuncture point, has been utilized to relieve a range of pain conditions. Regardless of whether pain is caused by disease or injury, if not effectively treated, pain can exert a detrimental effect on all aspects of life. In the past decade, many researchers have investigated the anti-nociceptive effects of BVA through clinical use and experimental evaluation. This report reviews the existing knowledge on the analgesic effects of BVA, focusing on musculoskeletal pain, inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain, and its analgesic mechanisms. Although further clinical trials are needed to clinical application of experimental results, this review will contribute to the standardization and generalization of BVA.
Highlights
Introduction and Its MechanismsAn UpdatedPain is a worldwide health problem and is highly prevalent [1,2]
Acupoints: GB21, LI15, LI16, SI11, and TE14 concentration: 0.1 mg/mL (BV dissolved in a saline)
Acupoints: GB21, LI15, LI16, SI11, and TE14 concentration: 0.03 mg/mL (BV dissolved in a saline)
Summary
Introduction and Its MechanismsAn UpdatedPain is a worldwide health problem and is highly prevalent [1,2]. There are several types of BV therapies available, such as bee sting therapy, bee venom acupuncture (BVA), and the external use of BV products. Bee sting therapy involves the injection of BV through live bee stings on human skin. For this reason, this treatment modality exhibits a high risk of developing adverse side effects [12]. BVA, which involves the administration of BV diluted with saline into a specific acupoint, has been used to treat different types of pain in the clinical fields of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine [10] and does not exhibit the same adverse risks as those observed with bee sting therapy
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