Bee diseases as factors in the life and behavior of the honeybee Colony

Abstract

The honeybee has prospered through the years of recorded history by following a plan of life that contributes to the survival of the colony rather than to the individual. The colony is capable of air-conditioning its hive to meet changing weather and to store up food sources for adverse periods. Since it contributes to the production of fruits, seeds, vegetables and pasture crops, and produces honey, a delectable natural sweet, man has been interested in its production and care. The honeybee is subject to many diseases which affect both the adults and the developing young. Several of the diseases have caused the death or destruction of thousands of colonies annually. Fortunately, none of these diseases are transmitted to other animals. Through the natural laws of survival, certain strains of bees have developed resistance to some of the diseases and man has assisted in this by selective breeding and cultivation of the hardier strains. The most noteworthy contribution to the control of bee diseases has been the use of sulfathiazole, terramycin and other therapeutics in the food of bees in the spring and fall. By their use, at least one disease which had been considered as incurable for centuries can be prevented or controlled without the destruction of colonies or valuable equipment. The use of chemicals and antibiotics as therapeutic agents in disease control has measurably strengthened the position of the honeybee in our general economy and will save the beekeeping industry many thousands of dollars annually.