Abstract
Neonatal surgical pathologies in developing countries are characterized by high mortality. The aim of this work was to describe the characteristics of the newborn and its surgical pathologies treated in the neonatal department of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako (Mali). Patients and method: This is a retrospective study of 626 files of newborns hospitalized over a period of 3 years (January 2016 to December 2018) for a surgical pathology, whether operated on or not. We have studied the etiological, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Results: During the study period, we collected 626 patients who had surgical pathology, i.e. a frequency of 5.35%. The average therapeutic consultation time was 2 days with extremes (1 and 30 days). Pathologies of the abdominal wall and digestive tract represented 57.9% (n = 84) followed by pathologies of the spine 26.9% (n = 39). The mean treatment time was 4.5 days. Twenty-three point sixteen (23.16%) newborns could be operated on. The neonatal mortality rate was 12.4% (n = 18). Mortality was postoperative (100%) with a mean time to onset of 5 days. Abdominal wall pathologies were responsible for 8.7% (n = 13) of deaths. Conclusion: Surgical pathologies of the newborn are characterized by delayed treatment with high mortality. Improving their prognosis requires early diagnosis (prenatal diagnosis) and adequate management.
Highlights
Neonatal surgical pathologies are frequent causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality [1]
Neonatal surgical pathologies in developing countries are characterized by high mortality
The aim of this work was to describe the characteristics of the newborn and its surgical pathologies treated in the neonatal department of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako (Mali)
Summary
Neonatal surgical pathologies are frequent causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality [1]. Neonatal surgical pathologies are structural anomalies or abnormal functions that appear from birth to the end of the first month of life and require urgent surgical treatment [1] [2]. It is most often a surgical emergency involving the vital and/or functional prognosis. Newborns are cared for in general surgery departments This is the case in Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where surgical pathology of the newborn represents 1.31% of surgical pathology [7]. In Bamako in Mali, the neonatal and pediatric surgery services, the last level of national reference structures, provide synergistic management of neonatal surgical pathologies. The aim of this study was to identify neonatal surgical pathologies and to analyze their prognosis in our environment
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