Beamline analysis for a laser-driven proton therapy accelerator using superconducting bends

Abstract

Peking University is implementing new superconducting magnets in a laser-driven proton accelerator, resulting in a lighter and more compact proton therapy facility. To efficiently transport protons with a wide energy spread, we propose a double-bend achromat design that rotates particles by 90 degrees and suppresses dispersion. Two focusing options are considered: integrating quadrupole magnets within the dipole magnets to create a hybrid field, or separating the quadrupole for independent focusing and bending. We first delve into the related lattice design, followed by an in-depth analysis of coil selection for each option. The magnetic field of the coil is indeed calculated using a combination of the Biot–Savart law and the Multi-Level Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM). We assess field quality and feasibility using TraceWin and zgoubi simulations in fieldmap, accounting for dipole-induced dispersion and quadrupole-induced chromatic effect. Through the analysis of superconducting magnets and beam dynamics, and by considering the transmission requirements of laser-plasma-accelerated protons, we have indeed developed a beam transport scheme. This scheme is anticipated to integrate laser-accelerated protons into a compact proton therapy facility, and it will eventually be implemented.