Abstract
A node microstrip architecture is proposed for designing a compact Butler Matrix (BM) that is integrated with a dual-polarized endfire antenna array. The node microstrip architecture can be used to form a variety of compact 2 × 2 port networks including, but not limited to, couplers and crossovers. By concatenating the 2 × 2 port networks together, a compact BM with any number of ports can be formed. Using the proposed method, a compact 4 × 4 port BM operating in the millimeter wave band is designed and integrated with a dual-polarized endfire antenna array. The size of the compact BM is 2.1λ × 2λ and the size of the whole dual-polarized endfire antenna array with BM is 2.6λ × 4.8λ, which is smaller than traditional structures. The measured radiation pattern of the dual-polarized antenna array can achieve beam-scanning up to ±38° in the azimuth plane. The two beams in the dual-polarized endfire antenna array can also be independently steered. The optimized compact BM is potentially suitable for use in 5G wireless communication handsets.
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