Beam-Time Block Coding With Joint User Grouping and Beamforming for FDD Massive MIMO Systems

Abstract

A downlink (DL) precoding scheme that needs no DL training nor uplink (UL) feedback for massive MIMO systems operated under frequency-division duplex (FDD) is proposed, whereas most of the schemes in the literature were proposed to compress the overhead of training and feedback. Due to the above advantage, the proposed scheme is suitable for extremely low-latency applications. This scheme exploits angle reciprocity of FDD systems to enable the base station to acquire partial DL channel state information through a previous UL signaling. A joint user grouping and beamforming optimization method without DL training and UL feedback is proposed to enhance spectral efficiency and mitigate interference between multiple UEs during DL data transmission. Simulation results suggest that the proposed scheme possesses a comparable performance to a number of previous grouping-based schemes that require DL training and UL feedback.