Beam reconfigurable graphene-based Yagi–Uda antenna with higher-order TM mode generation for THz applications

Abstract

This paper presents a beam reconfigurable graphene-based Yagi–Uda antenna consisting of five iterations of the driven elements. These iterations are aligned with each other at different angles. Each iteration of the antenna can be individually biased for controlling the chemical potential. Thus, chemical potential can be effectively controlled using the external biasing to use a single iteration at a time, and the others are maintained at zero potential. The antenna provides the resonant frequency at 7.83 THz for each iteration due to similar aspect ratio. However, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be reconfigured depending upon the alignment at particular angle. This provides the beam reconfiguration in the antenna with the deflection ranging from −65 ° to 65° using different iterations. The antenna with the proposed dimensions excites the higher-order TM14 mode inside the driven element. In addition, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be tuned by varying the physical parameters of driven elements.