Abstract
Single microtips, 2/spl times/2 and 10/spl times/10 arrays of microtips surrounded by an integrated focusing ring, were fabricated and their focusing characteristics experimentally investigated. Observation of the beam on a phosphor screen shows that the focusing is very effective for single microtips and 2/spl times/2 arrays; moreover, the reduction in emitted current is much smaller than for double-gate focusing. 10/spl times/10 arrays of microtips, however, do not generate very focused beams. These results agree well with simulations. The possibility of simultaneous focusing and deflecting is also discussed, and a new structure combining the advantages of double-gate and surrounding ring focusing is suggested.
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