Abstract
A 400 W high-power laser was used to fabricate 200-µm-thick Ti-6Al-4V samples to evaluate the effects of small (50 μm) and large (200 μm) beam diameter on density, microstructure and mechanical properties. A series of single-track experiments demonstrated that it was challenging for the small-beam laser to fabricate smooth and defect-free scan tracks. A larger beam diameter efficiently avoided process instability and provided a more stable and uniform melt pool. By increasing the beam diameter, the density of multilayer samples reached 99.95% of the theoretical value, which is much higher than that achieved with the small beam diameter. However, it was difficult to completely eliminate defects due to serious spatter and evaporation. Moreover, all of the generated samples had relatively coarse surfaces. For the large beam diameter of 200 µm, the optimal yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation were 1150 MPa, 1200 MPa and 8.02%, respectively. In comparison, the small beam diameter of 50 µm resulted in values of 1035 MPa, 1100 MPa and 5.91%, respectively. Overall, the large-diameter laser is more suitable for high-power selective laser melting (SLM) technology, especially for thick layers.
Highlights
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique that selectively melts successive layers of metal powder using a laser beam [1,2,3,4]
We recently reported usingin a relatively large laser beam of with a high layer thickness of μm
The properties of SLM parts strongly depend on the properties of each single track [13,22]
Summary
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique that selectively melts successive layers of metal powder using a laser beam [1,2,3,4]. Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V has been widely studied due to its superplasticity, low weight beam of mechanical diameter 200strength μm to successfully avoid process instability high-power of Ti-6Al-4V and high [4,18,19,20,21]. We recently reported usingin a relatively large laser beam of with a high layer thickness of μm [10] On this basis, a thorough investigation into the effect diameter 200 μm to successfully avoid process instability in high-power SLM of Ti-6Al-4V with a highof laser beam diameter on formability is warranted. Properties the influence different on density, mechanism of defect formation at different beam diameters and the variation in defect morphology and mechanical properties by high laser power SLM technology are reported. Formation at different beam diameters and the variation in defect morphology are analyzed
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