Abstract
In the paper, we make a comprehensive study on the hadroproduction of the $B_c (B_c^*)$ meson via the gluon-gluon fusion mechanism at the RHIC and LHC colliders. Total and differential cross sections via the proton-nucleus ($p$-N) and nucleus-nucleus (N-N) collision modes have been discussed under various collision energies. To compare with those via the proton-proton collision mode at the LHC, we observe that sizable number of $B_c (B_c^*)$-meson events can also be produced via the $p$-N and N-N collision modes at the RHIC and LHC. If assuming the spin-triplet $B^*_c$ meson directly decays to the spin-singlet $B_c$ meson with $100\%$ probability, $1.2 \times 10^5$ and $4.7 \times 10^5$ $B_c$-meson events can be produced via the $p$-Au and Au-Au collision modes at the RHIC in one operation year; $5.8 \times 10^6$ and $4.6 \times 10^6$ $B_c$-meson events can be produced via the $p$-Pb and Pb-Pb collision modes at the LHC in one operation year.
Highlights
The ðcb Þ-quarkonium is an important system for understanding various aspects of quantum chromodynamics (QCD)
If assuming the spin-triplet BÃc meson directly decays to the spin-singlet Bc meson with 100% probability, 1.2 × 105 and 4.7 × Bc-meson events can be produced via the p-Au and Au-Au collision modes at the RHIC in one operation year, and 5.8 × and 4.6 × 106 Bc-meson events can be produced via the p-Pb and Pb-Pb collision modes at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in one operation year
If taking the pt cut equals 2 GeV (6 GeV), the total cross section shall be reduced by ∼17% (∼75%) for both the p-Pb and Pb-Pb collision modes at the LHC, and by ∼28% (∼90%) for both the p-Au and Au-Au collision modes at the RHIC
Summary
The ðcb Þ-quarkonium is an important system for understanding various aspects of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We shall restrict ourselves to studying the direct production mechanism of the ðcb Þ-quarkonium in highenergy heavy ion collisions. More hadroproduction mechanisms, in addition to the dominant gluon-gluon fusion mechanism, were discussed in the literature [34,35,36,37] Those works culminated in a generator BCVEGPY [38,39,40,41,42], which is widely accepted by various experimental collaborations for simulating the Bc-meson events at the hadronic colliders. Even considering the direct production mechanisms only, in addition to the pp collision at the LHC, those two operating heavy-ion colliders can hopefully be important plateau for studying the Bc-meson properties as long as the signals can be separated from the background.
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