Abstract
The aim of this research is to evaluate and analyze the influence of different degrees of salt stress on the tolerance of Australian wheat lines having characteristics derived from wild types in comparison with a local cultivar well–adapted to Anatolian conditions under controlled conditions. In the research, the two lines, namely AU5924 and AU5907, adapted to Australian conditions harbor HKT1;4 and HKT1;5 loci and Bayraktar 2000 cultivar used as genetic material. In our study, a trial plan with four replicates and two salt treatment doses (0 mM control group and 200 mM stress group) was designed. The samples were collected for elemental analysis, measuring physiological parameters as well as determining proline content after the appearance of stress symptoms. In this respect, (K), known to play an important role in enhancing stress tolerance, was found to be higher in HKT–containing lines in comparison to Bayraktar 2000. HKT genes could improve the production of Anatolian varieties. While the dry weight of the genotype Bayraktar 2000 was higher than the lines checked, the proline content of line 5907 was lower and the potassium and (K/Na) ratio decreased. These parameters effectively increased the dry weight under salt stress. However, the line 5907 demonstrated the best tolerance among all analyzed genotypes.
Highlights
The demand for cereals has been growing tremendously worldwide and the most cultivated and important one is common wheat (Triticum aestivum), in other words, the common wheat is the most consumed cereal globally (Wang et al, 2020)
AU5924 and AU5907 common wheat (T. aestivum L.) lines that are carriers of HKT1;4 (Nax2), and HKT1;5 (Nax1) salinity tolerance loci and the Bayraktar 2000 wheat (T. aestivum L.), a registered variety, which is frequently cultivated under the Central Anatolian conditions, were used to investigate stress responses and mineral nutrient contents under the salinity stress conditions
The seedlings of wheat grown under salinity stress in the hydroponic chamber displayed a significant reduction in root and leaf length, and root and leaf fresh and dry weights
Summary
The demand for cereals has been growing tremendously worldwide and the most cultivated and important one is common wheat (Triticum aestivum), in other words, the common wheat is the most consumed cereal globally (Wang et al, 2020). Drought and salinity stress, especially in arid and semi–arid regions affect the wheat production severely. Both these stress conditions have become major concerns of the modern world and getting increasing attention. Salinization, especially in cultivated (approximate 20% of cultivated and 33% of irrigated land) areas is a major yield–limiting factor (Cirillo et al, 2018). As the vital necessities (such as nutrient, water, light, etc.) of plants during the growing stage are not met properly, the majority of plant yield including that of wheat is reduced in the cultivation area (Zörb et al, 2019). The salinity impairs more than one of these basic factors by manipulating the plants in two ways: first, ion toxicity that impairs photosynthesis and second is excess of (Na) that inhibits protein synthesis (Isayenkov and Maathuis, 2019)
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