Abstract
Lysine is the first limiting essential amino acid in rice because it is present in the lowest quantity compared to all the other amino acids. Amino acids are the building block of proteins and play an essential role in maintaining the human body’s healthy functioning. Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population; thus, increasing the lysine content in rice will help improve global health. In this paper, we studied the lysine biosynthesis pathway in rice (Oryza sativa) to identify the regulators of the lysine reporter gene LYSA (LOC_Os02g24354). Genetically intervening at the regulators has the potential to increase the overall lysine content in rice. We modeled the lysine biosynthesis pathway in rice seedlings under normal and saline (NaCl) stress conditions using Bayesian networks. We estimated the model parameters using experimental data and identified the gene DAPF(LOC_Os12g37960) as a positive regulator of the lysine reporter gene LYSA under both normal and saline stress conditions. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the gene DAPF is a potent candidate for genetic intervention. Upregulating DAPF using methods such as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing strategy has the potential to upregulate the lysine reporter gene LYSA and increase the overall lysine content in rice.
Highlights
IntroductionThere are twenty naturally existing amino acids that encode the 20,000 (approximate) unique proteins in the human body [3]
Our analysis revealed that upregulating DAPF maximized the probability of the lysine reporter gene LYSA being upregulated under both normal and saline stress conditions
We modeled the lysine biosynthesis pathway in rice under normal and saline stress conditions to identify the regulators of lysine
Summary
There are twenty naturally existing amino acids that encode the 20,000 (approximate) unique proteins in the human body [3]. Among these amino acids, nine are classified as essential, and eleven are classified as nonessential [2,3]. Since essential amino acids cannot be synthesized, they need to be introduced to the human body through diets rich in complete proteins. A protein food source is considered a complete protein if it contains all the essential amino acids [5]. Plant-based proteins are considered incomplete as they do not contain all the essential amino acids [5,6]
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