Battery testing by calculated discharge-curve method—Constant resistive load algorithm

Abstract

Battery testing by calculated discharge-curve method (CDCM) includes battery, battery average cell and each of battery's cell 3D discharge curves. These discharge curves were generated by calculated discharge-curve algorithm (CDCA), using either high- or low-frequency monitored discharge data and are lying in battery/cell rectangular parallelepiped: open-circuit voltage–initial discharge current–time. CDCA defines the ordered six-tuple: time–current–voltage–capacity–energy on load–internal energy losses by which battery and battery's cells dynamic characteristics may be analyzed. Any of the six-tuple variables may be divided into the set of i = 1, …, n steps by constant step across the overall discharge interval and used as the domain of CDC algorithm procedure. CDCM, respectively, introduced average current and average voltage as the ratio of capacity to time and energy to capacity. Battery/cell rectangular parallelepiped: time–average current–average voltage is defined at any step of discharging. In this paper, the linear dependencies of average characteristics on the both power of battery/cell internal resistance and load intensity were presented and algebrically proofed. Battery's cells may be compared to battery average cell and may be classified by any characteristics. Discharge curves of alkaline-manganese MALLORY batteries, 9K62 (50 and 100 Ω), PX24 (100 and 166 Ω), PX21 (150 and 250 Ω) and 7K62 (100, 200 and 500 Ω) [T.R. Crompton, Small Batteries 2 (1982) 52] were used to demonstrate battery and battery average cell standard and CDC method characteristics. The mathematical calculations were conducting on IBM PC using Microsoft Excel software.