Abstract
Further application of electric vehicles (EVs) in frigid regions is hindered by the diminished performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at sub-zero temperatures. Developing efficient heat preservation strategies has significant implications for the broad application of EVs and LIBs. This study focuses on passive heat preservation strategies (PHPS) for battery packs in frigid environments (−30 °C). A validated 3D battery pack heat preservation model integrated with airflow is constructed in this paper, and the model analysis results indicate that arranging aerogels at the pack level provides superior heat preservation compared to cell and module levels. Additionally, the influence of flow field distribution (FFD) schemes on heat preservation performance is discovered. Both experimental and simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme can optimize the cooling rate to about 2.3 °C/h. Commencing from an initial temperature of 30 °C, extending the battery pack retention time above 0 °C to over 12 h under −30 °C can significantly expand the application of electric vehicles in frigid regions. This paper explores the primary factors affecting the heat dissipation of battery packs in the frigid temperature environment, which have great significance in guiding the heat preservation design of battery systems.
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