Battery mix and aggregate battery demand for electric vehicles in California

Abstract

This study evaluates the potential market for electric vehicle (EV) batteries in California on the basis of a recently completed market demand study for electric vehicles which surveyed 352 California households using a detailed and innovative study design. The market study was constructed assuming the availability of two battery types, lead-acid and nickel-metal-hydride, electric vehicles in 7 conventional body styles (up to midsize vehicles) as well as neighborhood vehicle body styles, and at comparable prices to gasoline vehicles. Based on the preferences of consumers in the study, expected vehicle efficiencies, and expected kWh costs of batteries, the authors found a potential annual market in California of 1.3 million kWhs of lead-acid batteries and 5.2 million kWhs of nickel-metal-hydride batteries. >