Abstract
The electrical property and microstructure in BaTiO₃ ceramics doped rare-earth ions with intermediate ionic size (Dy³?, Ho³?, Y³?)were investigated. Microstructures have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Incorporation of rare-earth ions to BaTiO₃ ceramics depended on their ionic radius sensitively. Compared to Ho and Y ions, Dy ions provide BaTiO₃ ceramics with the high rate of densification and well-developed shell formation, due to their high solubility in the BaTiO₃ lattice, but the microstructure of Dy doped BaTiO₃ ceramics is unstable at high temperature, because Dy ions could not play a role of grain growth inhibition, leading to diffuse into BaTiO₃ lattice continuously after completion of densification during sintering. Comparing electrical property and microstructure, it is shown that the reliability of capacitor improved by high shell ratio.
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