Abstract
Granulated beet pulp and wheat straw, first separately and then mixed in a weight ratio of 50/50%, underwent a pyrolysis process in a laboratory batch generator with process temperatures of 400 and 500 °C. The feedstock’s chemical composition and the pyrolysis products’ chemical composition (biochar and pyrolysis gas) were analysed. A synergistic effect was observed in the co-pyrolysis of the combined feedstock, which occurred as an increase the content of the arising gas in relation to the total weight of the products. and as a reduction of bio-oil content. The maximum gas proportion was 21.8% at 500 °C and the minimum between 12.6% and 18.4% for the pyrolysis of individual substrates at 400 °C. The proportions of the gases, including CO, CO2, CH4, H2, and O2, present in the resulting synthesis gases were also analysed. The usage of a higher pyrolysis final temperature strongly affected the increase of the CH4 and H2 concentration and the decrease of CO2 and CO concentration in the pyrolysis gas. The highest percentage of hydrogen in the synthesis gas, around 33%vol, occurred at 500 °C during co-pyrolysis.
Highlights
The production of chemical fuels and energy from organic waste facilitates sustainable waste management
Based on the gas composition results recorded with the Syngas Analyzer Gas 3100, graphs of changes in the composition of pyrolysis gases depending on the temperature in the generator were prepared for each substrate used in the experiment
Since the lower heat value of the syngas depended mainly on the content of CH4 and H2, while an increase in the proportion of these gases occurred with the growing temperature, the LHV reached the maximum value of 14.1 MJ·kg−1 at 500 ◦C during the pyrolysis of a mixture of substrates
Summary
The production of chemical fuels and energy from organic waste facilitates sustainable waste management. FTIR spectra (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) showed that the process of beet pulp pyrolysis produces large amounts of gases, such as CO2, CO, H2O and CH4, and H2, and many volatile aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, and alkanes, and co-pyrolysis involving the pyrolysis of several feedstock materials mixed compared to the pyrolysis of individual feedstock may produce a synergistic effect concerning some products resulting from the process This could be an increased yield of bio-oil [35] or an increased proportion of the ash that occurred during the co-pyrolysis of beet pulp with lignite [32].
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