Abstract
Copper and stainless steel electrodes were used in batch electrochemical coagulation (BECC) for the treatment of real textile wastewater using 16 electrode combinations. Out of 16 Cu-SS and SS-Cu combinations (eight combinations each), only 4SS and 3SS-1Cu electrodes operated at cell voltage of 18 V and current density of 180 A/m2 gave maximum color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals. The COD removal was observed to be 89.37% for 4SS and 72.34% for 3SS 1Cu electrodes from CODo 3,012 mg/L. Color removal was 97% and 98% from its initial value of 1,000 Pt-Co unit for 4SS and 3SS-1Cu combinations. Water quality parameters like total dissolved solids, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulphate reduced from their initial values while using all 4SS and 3SS-1Cu electrode arrangements. Other control factors exercised for optimal operations were ECC floc settling pattern and sludge volume index (SVI). SVI values were found to be <100 mL/g for both electrode combinations.
Highlights
Conventional treatment technologies are too slow and ineffective in treating textile wastewater (TWW) and tend to generate large quantities of sludge (Ahluwalia & Goyal )
sludge volume index (SVI) values were less than the quality limit of 100 mL/g which can be used for designing secondary settling tanks
Social concerns for environmental impacts caused by industry are growing and new laws are in demand for strict environmental protection; a search for ‘greener’ and more efficient methods for wastewater treatment is increasing (Mahesh et al a)
Summary
Conventional treatment technologies are too slow and ineffective in treating textile wastewater (TWW) and tend to generate large quantities of sludge (Ahluwalia & Goyal ). Social concerns for environmental impacts caused by industry are growing and new laws are in demand for strict environmental protection; a search for ‘greener’ and more efficient methods for wastewater treatment is increasing (Mahesh et al a). In this sense, electrochemical coagulation treatment processes for pollutants/contaminant removal are unique because they prevent any sort of dilution, hazardous materials, and do not require any added chemicals as additives to carry out oxidation or reduction reactions (Drouiche et al ). The intent of using Cu and SS electrodes is because redox potential of aluminum is À1.662 V, À0.440 V for iron and copper is þ0.337 V respectively.
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