BASIK FOUNDATIONS OF THE FORMATION OF KINETIC ARCHITECTURE

Abstract

The article actualizes the significance of kinetic architecture not only as the creation of a dynamic visual image of the spatial form of a building or structure, but also as a transformation, the mobility of the architectural form itself – from a kinetic facade or roof to a changing layout and volume of the building as a whole, provided by the mobility of its structural elements. Moreover, dynamic architecture is understood today as a kinematic architecture, including movement, transformation of the spatial form of the building. The purpose of the article is to reveal the basic principles of the formation of kinetic architecture in the past and present in order to determine the possibilities for further development. Summarize the trends in the expression of the plastic language of the 21st century and outline their development vectors. The historical context and the main stages in the development of kinetic architecture from the innovative ideas of the futurists to the innovative projects of our time are considered. The experience of the Soviet period and foreign experience, as well as modern trends in the development of kinetic architecture are considered. Examples of architectural objects characterized specifically by innovativeness in the materials used, developments, constructive solutions, design, engineering support are structures and structures with dynamic properties. Modern scientific and technological progress in the construction industry, the growth of material opportunities, social and cultural needs of society, led to the emergence of new ideas, concepts, projects in architectural creativity. A number of aspects (essential during the period of operation of the structure) are identified, which determine the real dynamism of the architectural form, expressed in the mechanical movement of the form itself or its individual elements (form kinetics).