Abstract
The paper investigates possibility of ancient ceramics technology recreation based on materials of archaeological excavations and experimental simulation and describes results of the research. The structure and properties of ceramic samples found during archaeological excavations of the neolithic age and clay raw materials from different deposits were studied. The fragments under study were shown to consist mainly of light-melting clays, possessing polimineral composition with additives of fire clay, sand, loose sedimentary rock, and in some cases wool and vegetation. Clays under study are characterized by variability of chemical and mineral composition, by their combining it is possible to obtain optimal moulding compositions to produce ceramic products of artistic and architectural-structural purpose. Overview of scientific and technical information in archaeology and the obtained experimental results enable to reveal compositions and peculiarities of ancient technology of ceramics production and technical decoration application. Peculiar features of experimental simulation of the ancient ceramics technology considering chemical and mineral composition of clay raw materials are described.
Highlights
Ancient ceramics was initially used as houseware made from clay and it was the most popular and information-bearing material
The sample of ceramic fragment under study contains aluminum oxides – 23.61 wt.%, it is quite possible that it contains kaolinite minerals
Chemical analysis makes possible to confirm that ceramics under study was made from semi-acid clay with average grade of water-soluble salts
Summary
Ancient ceramics was initially used as houseware made from clay and it was the most popular and information-bearing material. For revealing the secrets of ancient ceramics technology latest results of archeological studies and analysis of existing materials may be useful [1]. It is known that talented craftsmen turn simple things into true pieces of applied arts. Ceramic art reached its highest development in Ancient Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, Greece, China and Hungary. Various museums of the world exhibit houseware made by ancient potters. The old masters were able to mould houseware of enormous sizes sometimes. Greek pithoi – vessels for water and wine which can be two meters high, strike by their highly technical implementation [2]
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