Abstract
Functional echocardiography has become an invaluable tool in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit. “Point-of-care,” “target,” or “focus” echocardiography allows bedside cardiac ultrasound evaluation of the hemodynamic status of the patient, helps in directing treatment, thus improves patients care. In order to be able to perform functional echocardiography, it is essential to understand the principles of ultrasound, to know the echocardiographic equipment and settings necessary to acquire the images. This article focuses therefore on the basics of cardiac ultrasound. It is meant to give an overview of two-dimensional echocardiographic views, M-mode imaging and Doppler echocardiography for neonatologists and pediatric intensivists. It is richly illustrated for better understanding with some examples of clinical applications of functional echocardiography in the intensive care setting.
Highlights
Functional echocardiography has become an invaluable tool in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Clinical applications of echocardiography within the pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit may be divided into the following topics, covered in detail in separate articles published in Frontiers into the research topic Training in Intensive Care and Neonatal Echocardiography (TINEC): Figure 9 | Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) at the level of the interventricular septum from apical four-chamber view demonstrating the E′, A′, and S′ waves
Functional echocardiography is a bedside tool able to provide physiological information that may have a significant impact on the management of patients in the intensive care unit
Summary
Reviewed by: Madhusudan Ganigara, Mount Sinai Medical Center, United States Giuseppe Limongelli, Ospedale Monaldi, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, Italy. Functional echocardiography has become an invaluable tool in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit. “Point-of-care,” “target,” or “focus” echocardiography allows bedside cardiac ultrasound evaluation of the hemodynamic status of the patient, helps in directing treatment, improves patients care. In order to be able to perform functional echocardiography, it is essential to understand the principles of ultrasound, to know the echocardiographic equipment and settings necessary to acquire the images. This article focuses on the basics of cardiac ultrasound. It is meant to give an overview of two-dimensional echocardiographic views, M-mode imaging and Doppler echocardiography for neonatologists and pediatric intensivists. It is richly illustrated for better understanding with some examples of clinical applications of functional echocardiography in the intensive care setting
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