Abstract
The term LASER is an acronym standing for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. The atomic theories leading to the discovery of lasers were established by Einstein in 1917 [6]. The concept of using laser energy for medical applications dates from the early 1960s, when Theodore Maiman [27] built the first laser and found that a ruby crystal, when stimulated by a flash lamp, emitted red laser light at a specific wavelength of 0.69 µm. This laser was used in ophthalmology for photocoagulation and set the stage for the development of additional laser wavelengths for use in all types of medical applications.
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