Basic Theories of Formation of Fishing Ground

Abstract

AbstractForecasting fishing ground is one of the important studying contents of fisheries forecasting. In the vast oceans, there are abundant fish and other marine living resources, but there are not all kinds of dense fish which can be caught in the ocean. Some sea areas have the value of exploitation and utilization, while others do not. Therefore, mastering the formation mechanism of fishing ground and its environmental characteristics will provide a theoretical basis for accurate prediction of fishing ground. Of course, in the ocean, the distribution of fishing grounds is not static but has the basic characteristics of dynamic change, that is, fishing grounds will change in response to factors such as climate change, changes in environmental conditions, or excessive fishing intensity; as a result, the original fishing ground will disappear or change. Also some new fishing ground will be developed because of the discovery of new fishing target, the improvement of fishing technology, and the discovery of the value of fishing ground. To this end, this chapter introduces the basic concept of fishing ground, types of fishing ground, and the basic conditions of forming fishing ground. The basic principles of the formation of five excellent fishing grounds, such as the current boundary fishing ground, the upwelling fishing ground, the Eddy fishing ground, the continental shelf fishing ground, and the reef bank fishing ground, as well as their distribution in the global sea area, are described in detail. These fishing grounds are located are rich in nutrient salts, have high primary productivity, and are abundant in bait organisms. Most of them are good places for fish and other marine animals to breed, grow, and live; therefore they provide most of the world’s ocean catch.KeywordsFishing groundBasic principle of forming fishing groundFive excellent fishing grounds