Basic Social Services for Ethnic Minority Groups in Urban of Vietnam: Current Situation and Solutions

Tran Van Kham

doi:10.11648/j.hss.20160406.17

Abstract

At the moment, there is about 13 million of ethnic minorities living in the urban areas of Vietnam, facing difficulties on their daily life. In order to improve the life quality, the narrow the gap between the minorities and majority in Vietnam, this paper aims at identifying the welfare accessibilities by minorities in the urban life in terms of housing, health care services, employment services and public services as well; and proposing the solutions for improving such conditions to have better life of minorities in the urban. Based on the sustainable livelihood framework as the theoretical approach, and the survey with 600 ethnic minorities, at the age of 18 and above, in three provinces of Vietnam, it is found that the ethnic minorities are facing difficulties on accessing the basic social services due to many limitations, from such this paper also suggests the considerations improving the life conditions for ethnic minorities in Vietnam in the urban life from perspective of social welfare and sustainable development.

Highlights

IntroductionEach group has its own characteristics of economic, cultural and language
Vietnam is multi cultural background countries with 53 minorities
Recent reports by Vietnam National Committee on Ethnic Minority Affairs and General Office Statistics show that the ethnic minorities groups living in difficulties as if they are experiencing their life in the urban areas, it is suggested that further research about the life condition of ethnic minorities in the contemporary urban of Vietnam [9]

Summary

Introduction

Each group has its own characteristics of economic, cultural and language They are living mostly in the rural, mountainous and remote areas in less developed life conditions. There are about 13.5 millions of ethnic minority people living in around 3100 households among 63 provinces of Vietnam; it increases 1.55% in last 10 years [9]. In the urbanization and industrialization process, the number of those minorities living in the urban areas increases at around 1.5 million (10.5% of the whole national minorities). Recent reports by Vietnam National Committee on Ethnic Minority Affairs and General Office Statistics show that the ethnic minorities groups living in difficulties as if they are experiencing their life in the urban areas, it is suggested that further research about the life condition of ethnic minorities in the contemporary urban of Vietnam [9].

Objectives

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Results

Conclusion