Basic Needs-Water Delivery System in Mountainous Regions of Ghana: A Case Study of Piped Water Supply on the Akwapim Ridge

Abstract

This study aims to assess the magnitude of the need for piped water on the Akwapim Ridge of Ghana and the extent to which the present delivery system satisfies this need. Data collected from documentary sources, interviews with district officials of the Ghana Water and Sewerage Corporation, and a sample survey of residents of the Ridge are analysed. The need for piped water is about 1.47 million litres per day and the current supply is between 2.14 and 2.87 million litres. However, between 40 and 46 percent of the water processed for distribution is lost through leakage. The supply of piped water was found to be unreliable and the standpipes (water taps) are not easily accessible on account of the frequent power failures, the rugged and rocky terrain, as well as the apparently skewed distribution of standpipes in most settlements. Recommendations include the monitoring of leakage in the system, repairing broken pipes, and routine maintenance. Research should be carried out to determine criteria for locating water standpipes in the settlements and to develop alternative sources of water for this mountainous region of Ghana.