Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a major medical problem with a significant death rate. Symptoms may affect the cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous systems. Often an allergic basis for reactions is suspected, and IgE antibodies on the surface of blood basophils and mast cells are triggered by contact with the allergen to release granular histamine. A host of other mediators and participating cells have also been identified. IgE-independent mechanisms also have been identified that involve direct mast cell effects of drugs and endogenous factors. Strategies directed toward more precisely defining these mechanisms should provide clues for new approaches for prevention and treatment of anaphylaxis.
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