Abstract
Lung ultrasonography has a tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approach in the critical care setting. Lung ultrasonography in critically ill (LUCI) is a helpful modality for the early detection and assessment of various lung pathologies and guides the management protocol for the same. The aim of this review was to highlight the basics of an ultrasound machine, the fundamentals of a lung ultrasound and the importance of lung artifacts in detecting the anatomy and pathology of the lung disease. In addition, we have also discussed regarding the effective approach to lung ultrasonography through the two protocols: the Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency (BLUE) protocol and the Fluid Administration Limited by Lung Sonography (FALLS) protocol.
Highlights
BackgroundPoint-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) has gained its utility in critical care medicine during the recent years
We have discussed regarding the effective approach to lung ultrasonography through the two protocols: the Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency (BLUE) protocol and the Fluid Administration Limited by Lung Sonography (FALLS) protocol
Ultrasonography is a rapid, noninvasive, real-time imaging modality that can be used for diagnosis, monitoring the course of the disease and guide the management protocol
Summary
Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) has gained its utility in critical care medicine during the recent years. A line is a static artifact generated parallel to the pleural line in the Merlin space It is usually seen in normal lung ultrasonography. A bright sinusoid wave pattern can be seen, when the hyperechoic visceral pleura tries to approach the chest wall and recede during each respiratory cycle Another sign recently appreciated in effusion or hemothorax is the 'vertebral line' (V-line). The deposition of collagen and fibrous tissue results in thickening of the interlobular septa in interstitial lung disease (ILD) These thickened septa cause the reflection of the ultrasound waves resulting in the visualization of diffuse B-lines or lung rockets. The following subcategory is included under this protocol: A-profile is indicated by the presence of lung sliding with the presence of an A-line Further clinical trials are required to determine the accuracy and efficacy of this protocol
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