Abstract
This communication highlights the possibility of using a novel two-stage process for the co-upgrading of natural gas and petroleum coke into liquid hydrocarbons. The first stage consists of the catalytic dehydroaromatization of methane characterized by producing hydrogen and aromatics: benzene, naphtalene, toluene, etc. The non-reacted methane plus hydrogen and aromatics produced in the first stage are directed to the second stage to react with the petroleum coke. Basic engineering analysis of proposed two-stage process suggests light petroleum production of 160,000 bbl/day from 20,000 ton/day of petroleum coke actually by-produced from Venezuelan Orinoco’s heavy oil belt. Residual coke should be volatiles free therefore useful as a calcined coke.
Highlights
The Two-Stage ProcessThe increasing demand for liquid fuels and the existing large world reserves of natural gas make attractive the direct transformation of it into more desirable feedstocks
The possibility of joining these two processes: The direct transformation of natural gas and the reaction of natural gas with coke, both together into a two-stage process are presented in this communication
The use of natural gas instead of H2 for liquefaction, as hereby proposed, would save this obstacle. This communication reviews some information available in order to carry an analysis of the basic engineering of the proposed two stages co-upgrading of natural gas and petroleum coke
Summary
The increasing demand for liquid fuels and the existing large world reserves of natural gas make attractive the direct transformation of it into more desirable feedstocks. In the case of the others coal upgrading processes referred to as direct liquefaction [8], most attention has been paid to H2 as the main gas reactant, using solvents in order to improve H2 diffusion to the carbon matrix, including hydrogen-donor solvents such as tetralin, cyclohexane, etc. These direct coal liquefactions require the costly and highly CO2 footprint technology for producing H2 reactant. This communication reviews some information available in order to carry an analysis of the basic engineering of the proposed two stages co-upgrading of natural gas and petroleum coke
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