Abstract
Cavitation plays a central role during creep-fatigue. During recent years, fundamental models for initiation and growth of creep cavities that do not involve any adjustable parameters have been developed. These models have successfully been used to predict creep rupture data for austenitic stainless steels again without using adjustable parameters. However, it appears that basic models have not yet been applied to creep-fatigue assessments. A summary of the fundamental cavitation models is given. A model for monotonous deformation is transferred to cyclic loading. The parameter values are kept except that the dynamic recovery constant is raised due to increased interactions between dislocations during cycling. This model is successfully compared with observed LCF and TMF hysteresis loops. A new model for cavity growth due to plastic deformation is presented. The model is formulated in such a way that the condition for constrained growth is automatically satisfied. In this way, it is avoided to overestimate the growth rate.
Highlights
IntroductionIt has been known for a long time that creep cavities play an important role in connection with brittle creep rupture
Keywords Creep · Plastic deformation · Hysteresis loop · Creep cavitation. It has been known for a long time that creep cavities play an important role in connection with brittle creep rupture
The results in the present paper demonstrate that hysteresis loops can be described with basic models
Summary
It has been known for a long time that creep cavities play an important role in connection with brittle creep rupture. When the amount of cavitation has reach a certain level, cracks are formed and rupture is initiated. Several attempts have been made to formulate basic models based on classical nucleation theory, see for example (Raj and Ashby 1975). The model has to be calibrated to experimental data. It is difficult to make this situation consistent with experimental data. It is well established for example for many steels that extensive cavity formation takes place at low stresses but to a more limited
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