Abstract
Identification of focal death of plants or significant deviations of uniformity and homogeneity of vegetation cover, based on the analysis of high-resolution satellite images or aerial survey by unmanned aerial vehicles, ensured the release of phytosanitary and problem phytocenoses with the aim of their primary nematological examination by traditional methods. It is established that the conventional route survey in two diagonals provides a higher probability of detecting nematode foci in the middle of the field (due to mixing and crossing routes) and less reliable – infection of the edge bands. Since the foci of cyst nematodes, especially in the initial stages of agrocenosis colonization, were more common in the edge bands, it is necessary to additionally select and analyze plant samples from all four sides of the field (envelope method) in order to increase the reliability of the diagonal examination. The probability of detection of heteroderosis foci was significantly increased when the agrocenosis was examined by the shuttle method with an interval between route lanes of 50 meters. For an objective assessment of the level of population of sod-podzolic, gray forest and other soil types with shallow bedding of the fertile layer, it is advisable to select nematological samples to a depth of 20 cm, and on chernozem to 30 cm. Cartograms of the prevalence of cyst nematodes with a detailed application of the spatial distribution of foci, their area and level of soil population are the basis for long-term planning, scientifically based choice and locally-differentiated application of various anti-nematode activities, depending on their economic payback and environmental feasibility. The long-term stay of populations within certain spatial boundaries is the main advantage of the prediction of their harmfulness and the local application of protective measures in the focal points of heteroderides that are clearly defined with the coordinate reference in comparison with actively migrating phytophages.
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