Abstract

Surface charge-transfer complex formed by TiO2 and phenols has showed a great potential in visible-light photocatalysis. However, back electron transfer limits the charge transfer efficiency and the activation of phenols in surface complex. Herein, we disclosed the efficient activation of phenols in surface complex by introducing the base. Both homocoupling reactions and butylated hydroxytoluene-trapped experiments clearly demonstrated the generation of phenolic radicals from various lignin-derived substrates. The addition of base caused the blue-shifted absorption of surface complex, while increased the visible light-induced electron excitation from substrate to TiO2. Vibrational spectra suggested that the interaction between phenolate and TiO2 was stronger than the interaction between neutral phenol and TiO2. This base-triggered strategy may be conducive to useful transformations or degradation of phenols via surface complex.

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