Basal insulin or premix analogue therapy in type 2 diabetes patients

Abstract

Background We sought to compare the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) given twice daily with once-daily insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes beginning insulin therapy and who did not use thiazolidinediones, which are contraindicated with insulin in the European Union, in a subpopulation ( N = 157) of the INITIATE study. Methods At baseline, HbA 1c was ≥ 8.0% on ≥ 1000 mg/day metformin alone or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs; e.g. sulphonylurea or alpha-glucosidase inhibitors). Metformin was adjusted up to 2550 mg/day and other OADs were discontinued. Starting insulin doses were subsequently adjusted weekly for 26 weeks by algorithm-directed titration. Results The proportion of patients achieving a HbA 1c below 7.0% at 28 weeks was greater with BIAsp 30 than with insulin glargine (65% vs 41%, P = 0.003). The mean reduction in HbA 1c was greater for BIAsp 30 than for insulin glargine: − 2.89 ± 1.6% vs − 2.46 ± 1.6%, respectively ( P = 0.035). Postprandial glucose increments were lower for the BIAsp 30 group after breakfast ( P = 0.003) and dinner ( P = 0.033); post-lunch values were not significantly different. No major hypoglycemic episodes were recorded. Nocturnal hypoglycemia was reported by 25% of subjects in the BIAsp 30 group and by 10% in the insulin glargine group ( P = 0.021). Weight gain was 5.6 ± 4.6 and 3.0 ± 4.3 kg ( P = 0.0004) for BIAsp 30 and insulin glargine, respectively. Conclusions BIAsp 30, given twice daily in combination with metformin, was more effective than insulin glargine, given once daily in combination with metformin, at controlling blood glucose in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes, but was associated with increased weight gain and minor hypoglycemic events.