Abstract
Mulla Mustafa Barzani was a Kurdish leader who became the symbol of the twentieth‐century Kurdish nationalist movement. Barzani inspired a sense of pride not only among Iraqi Kurds but also among the Kurds of Turkey, Iran, Syria, and the Kurds in diaspora, which is how he became a national leader. With his dedication to the Kurdish freedom movement, Barzani led the Kurds in an armed struggle for over five decades against Iraqi and Iranian states. However, because of the feudal structure of Kurdistan, different tribal affiliations, and intertribal rivalries the Barzani‐led Kurdish movement could not develop into a unified national struggle.
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