Abstract
In a recent work we studied the phase structure of the Gross-Neveu (GN) model in $1+1$ dimensions at finite number of fermion flavors $N_\mathrm{f} = 2, 8, 16$, finite temperature and finite chemical potential using lattice field theory. Most importantly, we found an inhomogeneous phase at low temperature and large chemical potential, quite similar to the analytically solvable $N_\mathrm{f} \rightarrow \infty$ limit. In the present work we continue our lattice field theory investigation of the finite-$N_\mathrm{f}$ GN model by studying the formation of baryons, their spatial distribution and their relation to the chiral condensate. As a preparatory step we also discuss a linear coupling of lattice fermions to the chemical potential.
Highlights
In recent years experiments provided many interesting insights concerning strongly interacting matter at high density
On the theoretical side our present understanding of the QCD phase diagram at nonzero chemical potential μ is to a large extent based on conjectures relying on physical intuition, on model calculations and on effective low energy descriptions [2,3], while reliable ab initio results are still missing, mostly due to the infamous sign problem in lattice QCD
In this work we investigated the distribution of the baryon density nB in the Nf 1⁄4 8 GN model enclosed in a finite box of size L at finite chemical potential μ
Summary
In recent years experiments provided many interesting insights concerning strongly interacting matter at high density (see e.g., Ref. [1] for a comprehensive review). Interesting models implementing the breaking of translational invariance—for example by charge density waves, dynamical defects or by magnetic fields—have been proposed and studied within the holographic framework [27,28] At present it is largely unknown whether crystalline phases exist in effective four Fermi theories at finite number of fermion flavors, or whether quantum fluctuations lead to a qualitatively different phase structure. In the present work we continue our investigation of the GN model in 1 þ 1 dimensions at a finite number of fermion flavors and focus on baryonic excitations at low temperature and large chemical potential We investigate their spatial distribution as well as their relation to the chiral condensate
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