Baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis in a neutrino mass model with complex scaling

Abstract

Baryogenesis via leptogenesis is investigated in a specific model of light neutrino masses and mixing angles. The latter was proposed on the basis of an assumed complex-extended scaling property of the neutrino Majorana mass matrix Mν, derived with a type-1 seesaw from a Dirac mass matrix mD and a heavy singlet neutrino Majorana mass matrix MR. One of its important features, highlighted here, is that there is a common source of the origin of a nonzero θ13 and the CP violating lepton asymmetry through the imaginary part of mD. The model predicted CP violation to be maximal for the Dirac type and vanishing for the Majorana type. We assume strongly hierarchical mass eigenvalues for MR. The leptonic CP asymmetry parameter εα1 mm with lepton flavor α, originating from the decays of the lightest of the heavy neutrinos N1 (of mass M1) at a temperature T ∼ M1, is what matters here with the lepton asymmetries, originating from the decays of N2,3, being washed out. The light leptonic and heavy neutrino number densities (normalized to the entropy density) are evolved via Boltzmann equations down to electroweak temperatures to yield a baryon asymmetry through sphaleronic transitions. The effects of flavored vs. unflavored leptogenesis in the three mass regimes (1) M1 < 109 GeV, (2) 109 GeV < M1 < 1012 GeV and (3) M1 > 1012 GeV are numerically worked out for both a normal and an inverted mass ordering of the light neutrinos. Corresponding results on the baryon asymmetry of the universe are obtained, displayed and discussed. For values close to the best-fit points of the input neutrino mass and mixing parameters, obtained from neutrino oscillation experiments, successful baryogenesis is achieved for the mass regime (2) and a normal mass ordering of the light neutrinos with a nonzero θ13 playing a crucial role. However, the other possibility of an inverted mass ordering for the same mass regime, though disfavored, cannot be excluded. A discussion is also given on the sensitivity of our result to the masses M2,3 of the heavier neutrinos N2,3.