Barriers to Tdap vaccination among women attending primary health care centers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the perceptions and factors influencing pertussis vaccination among childbearing women in the Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic and descriptive study was conducted among 384 Saudi females of childbearing age (18-40 years) who had previously been pregnant and attended primary healthcare centers in the Al-Ahsa region. Participants were randomly selected and completed a self-administered questionnaire that collected data on demographic characteristics, knowledge and perceptions of pertussis and its vaccine, and barriers to vaccination. Results: The majority of participants (74.8%) were aged 30-40 years, and 73.8% had a bachelor's degree or higher. While 86% of participants recognized vaccines as preventive measures, 85.2% believed it is better to avoid immunizations during pregnancy. However, 85.7% had attended health activities providing information on vaccinations during pregnancy, and 86% expressed interest in attending future awareness programs. Significant differences were found between educational levels and vaccine perceptions, with higher education correlating with better knowledge and positive attitude towards vaccination. Conclusion: There was a high level of awareness about pertussis and its vaccine among women in the Al-Ahsa region, yet misconceptions about vaccine safety during pregnancy persist. Educational interventions and stronger physician recommendations are crucial to improve vaccine uptake.