Abstract
Barriers to incorporating ecosystem services in coastal conservation practice: the case of blue carbon
Highlights
Ecosystem services provide vital contributions to economic and social well-being
Nature provides vital contributions to economic and social well-being that are often not traded in markets or fully considered in decisions
This memorandum provides direction to agencies on incorporating ecosystem services into Federal planning and decision making. (Broadly defined, ecosystem services are the benefits that flow from nature to people, e.g., nature's contributions to the production of food and timber; life-support processes, such as water purification and coastal protection; and life-fulfilling benefits, such as places to recreate.)
Summary
Ecosystem services provide vital contributions to economic and social well-being. These include, but are not limited to, provisioning food and materials, improving the quality and moderating the quantity of water, providing wildlife habitat and spawning and nursery habitats for fisheries, enhancing climate resilience, mitigating storms and floods, buffering pollutants, providing greater resilience for communities and ecosystems, and supporting a wide array of cultural benefits, recreational opportunities, and aesthetic values. This memorandum provides direction to agencies on incorporating ecosystem services into Federal planning and decision making.
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