Abstract
World Health Organization member states gathered to draft the Global Action Plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). A global overarching target of a 25% reduction of premature mortality (between ages 30 and 70) from the four major NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory diseases) by 2025 was adopted. The primary aim of this mini-review is to identify the main barriers for reaching this plan using pertinent available evidence. The secondary aim is to reexamine the data with the dual purposes of amplifying beneficial effects of the voluntary global targets, and expanding the population to which they apply. This paper has identified five interrelated barriers: I) extremely low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health, II) Gaps in affordability of essential medications, III) Gaps in health systems, IV) Low adherence to medications and V) Gaps in voluntary global targets. Conclusions: Modifications in the voluntary global targets are being proposed to produce greater effectiveness and extend reach. To this end, more ambitious risk factor targets for a larger proportion of the population and major efforts to strengthen healthcare systems are urgently needed.
Highlights
The cardiology community is in a pivotal position regarding prevention of the noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in United States [1,2,3] and worldwide [4,5,6,7]
These four major NCDs were responsible for 82% of NCD deaths and share some of the same risk factors including alcohol, tobacco, diet, and physical activity, which are included as distinct targets in the list of nine targets that is provided [3,4,5,6,7,8]
The four major NCDs included in the Global Action Plan do not comprise 100% of all premature deaths, and other NCDs were responsible for approximately 24% of NCD deaths under the age of 70 years
Summary
The cardiology community is in a pivotal position regarding prevention of the noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in United States [1,2,3] and worldwide [4,5,6,7]. Recognizing that the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) World Health Organization member states gathered to draft the Global Action Plan for the prevention and control of NCDs. A global overarching target of a 25% reduction of premature mortality (between ages 30 and 70) from the four major NCDs (cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, diabetes or chronic. Costs related to CVD representing 9% and 14% of the total healthcare expenditure across the European Union (EU) and United States of America (US) in each case [9,10] It is evident success of the Global Action Plan will depend on progress in cardiovascular prevention. The secondary aim is to reexamine the data with the dual purposes of amplifying beneficial effects of the voluntary global targets, and expanding the populations to which they apply
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