Barriers to Effective Cancer Pain Management, Comparing the Perspectives of Physicians, Nurses, and Patients

Abstract

BackgroundPain associated with cancer is one of the most significant concerns for patients, families, and health care providers. Various barriers may hinder optimal pain management. AimThe study was conducted in specialized cancer center in Jordan and aimed to explore the barriers to effective cancer pain management from the perspectives of physicians, nurses, and patients. MethodsA quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design was used, with a total sample of 185 participants (55 Physicians, 70 Nurses, and 60 Patients) who completed a demographic datasheet and the Arabic-Barrier Questionnaire II (BQII). ResultsThe overall BQII of patient score was 2.4 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.7). The harmful effects of pain medications were the highest barrier 2.7 (SD = 1.0), followed by the physiologic effect 2.4 (SD = 0.9), and the communication 2.4 (SD = 1.1) subscales. Nurses and physicians reported an overall BQII of 1.9 (SD = 1.1) and 1.8 (SD = 0.9), respectively. One-way analysis of variance showed that the perspectives of patients, physicians, and nurses differed significantly in the overall BQII F(2, 182) = 6.81, p < .01, communication F(2, 182) = 10.55, p < .01, and harmful effects F(2, 182) = 7.26, p < .01. Multiple pairwise comparisons also showed that the patients significantly perceived higher communication barriers, more concerns of analgesic harmful effects, and higher overall barriers than nurses and physicians. ConclusionsSignificant differences were found in the perspectives of patients, physicians, and nurses toward pain management barriers in the overall barriers, communication, and harmful effect. It is recommended to develop awareness programs for patients about pain management, barriers, use of analgesia, and communication. Nurses and physicians are advised to discuss mutual concerns and pay more attention to overcoming patient concerns.