Barriers and Facilitators to Using Statins: A Qualitative Study With Patients and Family Physicians

Abstract

BackgroundDespite their proven efficacy to reduce cardiovascular disease, statin medication use remains low in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease considering their widespread availability and safety. Our objective was to explore the perspectives of patients and family physicians with regard to the barriers and facilitators of statin use in primary care. MethodsIn this qualitative descriptive study, we conducted 2 focus groups with patients (number, n = 8/6) and individual semistructured interviews with family physicians (n = 17) from community settings. Interviewers asked participants about barriers to and facilitators of statin use. Focus groups and interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and analyzed in duplicate using conventional content analysis. ResultsPatients were averse to taking statins for a variety of reasons: medication avoidance and burden; inadequate buy-in for statin therapy; and difficulty remembering to take statins regularly. Family physicians perceived similar barriers and reported other barriers: lack of resources such as inadequate tracking systems; specialist-primary care provider guideline discordance; and lack of continuity and relationship. Patients expressed that key facilitators were patient education and support; splitting tablets to increase cost-effectiveness; and changing to a different statin or lower dose in those with side effects. Family physicians described several similar strategies to facilitate therapy as well as shared decision making and clinical decision support tools as enablers for improvement. ConclusionsWe identified several important barriers to and facilitators of statin use at the patient and prescriber level. This information offers insight into strategies to improve statin use and the development of innovative programs and interventions.