Abstract
BackgroundAdvances in diagnostics testing and treatment of genetic conditions have led to increased demand for genetic services in the United States. At the same time, there is a shortage of genetic services professionals. Thus, understanding the models of service delivery currently in use can help increase access and improve outcomes for individuals identified with genetic conditions.ObjectiveThis review aims to provide an overview of barriers and facilitators to genetic service delivery models to inform future service delivery.MethodsWe conducted a scoping literature review of the evidence to more fully understand barriers and facilitators around the provision of genetic services.ResultsThere were a number of challenges identified, including the limited number of genetics specialists, wait time for appointments, delivery of services by nongenetics providers, reimbursement, and licensure. The ways to address these challenges include the use of health information technology such as telehealth, group genetic counseling, provider-to-provider education, partnership models, and training; expanding genetic provider types; and embedding genetic counselors in clinical settings.ConclusionsThe literature review highlighted the need to expand access to genetic services. Ways to expand services include telehealth, technical assistance, and changing staffing models. In addition, using technology to improve knowledge among related professionals can help expand access.
Highlights
Advances in diagnostic testing and treatment options for genetic conditions have led to increased demand for genetic services in the United States
There were a number of challenges identified, including the limited number of genetics specialists, wait time for appointments, delivery of services by nongenetics providers, reimbursement, and licensure
The ways to address these challenges include the use of health information technology such as telehealth, group genetic counseling, provider-to-provider education, partnership models, and training; expanding genetic provider types; and embedding genetic counselors in clinical settings
Summary
Advances in diagnostic testing and treatment options for genetic conditions have led to increased demand for genetic services in the United States. Newborn screening programs test all infants shortly after birth for a variety of genetic conditions. We sought to understand how genetic services are provided and identify the most cost-effective methods of meeting growing needs for services. Understanding the current delivery models being used can help strengthen the long-term follow-up of individuals identified with genetic conditions and, improve outcomes for patients and families. Advances in diagnostics testing and treatment of genetic conditions have led to increased demand for genetic services in the United States. Understanding the models of service delivery currently in use can help increase access and improve outcomes for individuals identified with genetic conditions
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