Barium interleaved and Si/Al enhanced sugar industry waste for confiscation of nitrobenzene from aqueous solution

Abstract

Nitrobenzene (NB) is widely used in the chemical industry. It is also utilized in the manufacture of perfumes, synthetic resins, pesticides, drugs and so on. It is discharged in the aqueous waste and subsequently accumulates in the environment which brings about harmful effects on human health and other lives. It causes carcinogenic, mutagenic effect, headache, skin and eye irritation. Its continuous exposure leads to liver damage and anemia. Low cost adsorbent bagasse fly ash (BFA)-sugar industry waste is an alternative opportunity for adsorption. Microwave synthesized Barium interleaved-EMZBFA-Ba (Electrolyte treated Microwave assisted Zeolite of Bagasse Fly Ash with Barium interleaved) with improved Si/Al ratio-EMZBFA-30-Ba (Electrolyte treated Microwave assisted Zeolite of Bagasse Fly Ash having Si/Al ratio 30 with Barium interleaved) has been synthesized from Bagasse Fly Ash. PXRD (Powdered X-ray Diffraction), XRF (X-ray Fluorescence), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) and BJH (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) techniques were used to characterize the adsorbents. The optimized parameters like pH (2), agitation time (120min), initial sorbate concentration (100mg/L), adsorbent dose (2g/l) and temperature (303K) have been adjusted. The NB removal efficiency was observed at the adjusted parameters which showed average sorption capacity (qe) of 27.56mg/g, 36.12mg/g, 39.26mg/g, for BFA, EMZBFA-Ba, and EMZBFA-30-Ba respectively. Frendulich model was best suited for sorption process when the kinetic studies show pseudo second order rate of sorption. Intraparticle diffusion and surface adsorption were suitable for extraction of NB through mainly hydrogen bonding interaction of NB and BFA, EMZBFA-Ba, and EMZBFA-30-Ba.